Archivo de la colección Prácticas Óptimas

The Far Away From Home Club is an example of success in the response to HIV in Viet Nam. A combination of dedicated, energetic, and forward-looking individuals and

Burnout is not a single event but a process in which everyday stresses and anxieties that are not addressed gradually undermine carers mental and physical health, so that eventually caregiving and personal relationships suffer. Burnout is the fi nal stage in the stress process when everything falls apart. As a medical condition, burnout has no clear defi nition, but as a psychological condition it has been well defi ned and is increasingly recognized by people in the caring professions. Burnout has long been identifi ed as a crucial issue in HIV care and support; yet there is relatively little known about what measures can be taken to prevent or mitigate it.This document looks at how carer burnout can be avoided. It focuses on the approach used by a faith-based organization, IMCARES, Mumbai, India, to care for their staff and volunteers employed in their programmes and as carers in the community. Their strategy and practice may provide useful lessons in caring for carers for both secular and faith-based organizations working with people living with and affected by HIV.

This publication gives a brief overview of the national response to AIDS in Morocco. The Moroccan AIDS response gave rise to the National Strategic Plan, which now serves as a reference throughout Africa. The National Strategic Plan has contributed to keeping the national seroprevalence at a low level. In a population of 32 million, prevalence of 0.1% among pregnant women has been found and an aggregate number of 1878 cases of AIDS were declared at the end of 2005.

Un innovador proyecto puesto en marcha en Tailandia ha apuntado directamente a estos obstáculos. El proyecto, el Programa de Asociaciones Positivas (PAP), tiene dos objetivos diferentes pero complementarios. El primero, permitir a las personas que viven con el VIH salir de la pobreza, se logra a través de la concesión de préstamos de microcrédito para que puedan formar pequeñas empresas en sus comunidades. El segundo objetivo es reducir el estigma y la discriminación relacionados con el VIH hacia las personas que viven con este virus. El proyecto se basa en una idea engañosamente sencilla: la creación de asociaciones comerciales entre una persona VIH-positiva y una persona VIH-negativa.

Madagascar es un país con baja prevalencia del VIH. Sin embargo, los factores socioeconómicos que propician la expansión de la epidemia están presentes en el país: tasas elevadas de infecciones de transmisión sexual; tasas elevadas de relaciones sexuales sin protección; alta frecuencia de parejas sexuales ocasionales múltiples, y pobreza. Las poblaciones especialmente expuestas al VIH incluyen a los profesionales del sexo, los jóvenes, el personal militar, las personas en tránsito y las mujeres. Desde 2002, el Presidente de la República ha dirigido una respuesta nacional reforzada al VIH. El liderazgo político nacional ha alentado el compromiso de los líderes a todos los niveles: instituciones gubernamentales, líderes tradicionales, líderes de organizaciones basadas en la fe, empresariales y comunitarios. Se han abordado los tabúes que rodean al VIH, que con frecuencia se ha considerado que era una enfermedad

Tanzanía ha realizado progresos sustanciales para reforzar la respuesta nacional al VIH durante los últimos años. El estudio de este caso describe diferentes aspectos de la respuesta que se ha llevado a cabo en la región de Mbeya a lo largo de los últimos 20 años. Más de dos millones de personas viven en la región, que fue, y sigue siendo, una de las partes más afectadas del país. Sin embargo, la prevalencia del VIH, que según las estimaciones llegó a superar el 20% a mediados de los años noventa, ha ido disminuyendo progresivamente desde entonces. Es muy probable que el trabajo del Programa Regional de Control del Sida de Mbeya, que se inició en 1988, haya realizado una contribución importante para invertir el curso de la epidemia.

The All-Ukrainian Network of People Living with HIV was founded in the late 1990s by people alarmed by the rapidly growing epidemic in their country, and the lack of resources and support for themselves and others affected by HIV. Since then the Network has grown to provide services throughout the country. Key strategy components are: increasing access to care and support; lobbying and advocating protecting the rights of people living with HIV; seeking to increase social acceptance of people living with HIV; and enhancing the organizational capacity of the Network. This short document outlines the development of the Network and highlights lessons learnt, a longer study providing more information about the Network is available on UNAIDS’ website.

UNAIDS best practice collection: an innovative new project in Thailand - the Positive Partnership Program (PPP) - has two goals: 1) to enable people living with HIV to lift themselves out of poverty, achieved through the provision of microcredit loans that allow people to set up small businesses in their communities; 2) the second goal is to reduce HIV-related stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV.

Tanzania has made substantial progress in strengthening the national response to HIV in recent years. This case study describes different aspects of the response made in the Mbeya region over the last 20 years. More than 2 million people live in the region and it was, and continues to be one of the worst-affected parts of the country. However, HIV prevalence which reached an estimated high of 20% in the mid-1990s has been in decline since then. It is very likely that the work of the Mbeya Regional AIDS Control Programme which began in 1988 has made an important contribution to reversing the trend of the epidemic.

In 2003 UNHCR, WFP, and UNICEF launched a joint effort to develop, through multi-site field research in refugee communities in Africa, a set of strategies for using food and nutrition-based interventions to support HIV transmission prevention, impact mitigation, and care, treatment, and support for people living with HIV. This important collaborative initiative grew out of the recognition that refugee settings are unique. It was recognized also that specific research is required conducted among and with refugees. This Best Practice document discusses the research process and findings of this interagency initiative.